Shoulder Dislocation

This occurs when the upper arm bone (humeral head) slips out of the shoulder socket often from a fall or direct blow. It’s most common in young athletes and contact sports.

Types of Shoulder Dislocations

Healthcare providers classify shoulder dislocations based on how far the joint bones are displaced:

  • Complete dislocation (luxation): The bones are fully separated and pushed out of their normal position.

  • Subluxation: A partial dislocation where the bones are partially separated but still maintain some contact.

You may experience:

  • Intense pain and swelling
  • A visibly displaced shoulder
  • Inability to move the arm
dislocation
Image Source: Orthoinfo AAOS Org. Deseases & Conditions, Dislocated Shoulder

When you should consult a doctor

Seek immediate medical care if your shoulder looks dislocated.

While you wait for help:

  • Keep the shoulder still. Use a sling or splint to hold it in place. Do not try to move it or push it back—this can cause serious damage to nearby tissues, nerves, or blood vessels.

  • Apply ice. Use ice to help limit pain and swelling.

Prevention

To reduce the risk of a shoulder dislocation:

  • Avoid falls and activities that could injure the shoulder.

  • Use protective equipment during contact sports.

  • Maintain regular exercise to keep muscles and joints strong and flexible.

Because one dislocation increases the chance of another, continue the strengthening and stability exercises recommended during recovery.
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