Shoulder Fractures: Clavicle and Scapula

clavicule francture
Image Source: Shoulder Surgeon. Education for Patients. Conditions, Shoulder Injury: Fractures and dislocations, Clavicle and scapula floating shoulder

The clavicle (collarbone) is one of the most commonly fractured bones in the body.
These fractures are classified into three main types based on their location:

  1. Medial (near the sternum): The rarest type.

  2. Distal (near the acromioclavicular joint): Less common.

  3. Midshaft (between the sternum and AC joint): The most frequent type.

Scapula Fractures

Fractures of the scapula (shoulder blade) are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all bone fractures. Most of these injuries can be treated without surgery.

Watch for These Symptoms

  • Sudden, sharp pain and swelling

  • Bruising or visible deformity

  • Difficulty lifting or moving the arm

  • Extreme pain with arm movement

  • Swelling around the back of the shoulder

  • Scrapes or abrasions near the injured area

Management and Treatment

Treatment depends on which bone is broken and whether the fracture is displaced or involves other injuries.

Immobilization

Non-displaced fractures often only require a sling or brace, along with follow-up X-rays to confirm proper healing. Most clavicle and scapula fractures heal with immobilization plus physical therapy to restore movement.

Surgical Treatment

Surgery is needed when the fracture affects the glenoid or when bones cannot heal correctly on their own.

Common procedures include:

  • Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF):
    The surgeon repositions the bones and secures them with plates, screws, or pins. These may remain permanently, though some patients need a later surgery to remove them.

  • Arthroplasty:
    If the joint is severely damaged, shoulder replacement may be required. The injured joint is removed and replaced with a prosthetic one.
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