SLAP Tear (Superior Labrum Tear)
A SLAP tear involves damage to the labrum, the cartilage ring that stabilizes the top of the shoulder socket. It often affects athletes such as pitchers or volleyball players due to repetitive throwing or sudden pulling motions.
Types of SLAP Tears
There are multiple kinds of SLAP injuries, with Type 2 being the most frequent. This type also has variations that describe how the tear presents.
Type 1: The labrum is worn or frayed but still works properly. This type is most common in older adults.
Type 2: The labrum and the biceps tendon detach from the shoulder socket. This is the most common SLAP pattern.
Type 3: A piece of the torn labrum folds into the shoulder joint.
Type 4: The tear extends from the labrum into the biceps tendon, causing damage to both.
Typical signs & Management
- Deep shoulder pain during overhead activities.
- Clicking, popping, or grinding sounds.
- A sense of instability or loss of power.
SLAP Tear Treatment
The treatment for a SLAP tear depends on the severity and specific pattern of the injury. Providers usually begin with conservative care, turning to surgery only if symptoms persist. Healing often takes several months.
Common treatment options include:
Rest and activity modification
Anti-inflammatory medications
Cortisone injections
Physical therapy
Debridement (cleaning damaged tissue)
Arthroscopic labral repair
Biceps tenodesis (reattaching or repositioning the biceps tendon)